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Parity
When two currencies have the same value. Therefore, the exchange rate is 1.
Pips
Currency pair quotes are represented by decimal numbers. A Pip is the minimum fraction that represents such currency. For example, in the USD/EUR pair, the rate is of 1.5601. Therefore, a pip is equivalent to 0.0001. For USD/JPY, the rate is 107.08, so pip in this care is equivalent to 0.01. Profits and losses are usually represented in terms of pips.
Political Risk
The risk to which trades are exposed according to changes in the political scenario of a country and that may have negative effects.
Premium
In the market, this is the amount according to which the forward or futures price exceeds the current price.
Principal Value
The original amount invested by an individual
Price Transparency
Market rates that are accessible to all market participants, without spread differences, delays, etc.